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✦tutorial intro

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✦Overview

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✦History

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✦features

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✦Environment setup

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✦Syntax

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✦hello world

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✦variables

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✦constants

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✦comments

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✦Integers

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✦Operational semantics

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✦Unsigned types

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✦Enumerations

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✦Floating-point types

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✦Fixed-Point Types

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✦Decimal fixed-point types

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✦Ordinary fixed-point types

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✦Basic properties

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✦Precision of floating-point types

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✦Range of floating-point types

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✦Strong typing

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✦Derived types

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✦Subtypes

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✦Subtypes as type aliases

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✦Type conversion

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✦Value conversion

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✦View conversion

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✦Implicit conversions

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✦Conversion of other types

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✦Scalar Types

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✦Ranges

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✦Predecessor and Successor

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✦Scalar To String Conversion

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✦Width attribute

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✦Base

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✦Enumerations Overview

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✦Enumerations as functions

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✦Enumeration overloading

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✦Position and Internal Code

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✦Arithmetic operator

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✦Assignment operator

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✦Bitwise operator

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✦Relational operator

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✦Logical operator

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✦if

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✦if then

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✦if else if

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✦case

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✦Loops

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✦For loops

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✦Bare loops

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✦While loops

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✦continue

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✦goto

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✦Subprograms overview

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✦Subprogram calls

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✦Nested subprograms

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✦Function calls

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✦Parameter modes

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✦In parameters

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✦In out parameters

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✦Out parameters

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✦Forward declaration of subprograms

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✦Renaming

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✦Packages

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✦Using a package

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✦Package body

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✦Child packages

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✦Child of a child package

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✦Multiple children

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✦Visibility

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✦Records overview

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✦Record type declaration

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✦Aggregates

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✦Component selection

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✦Renaming

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✦Dynamically sized record types

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✦Records with discriminant

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✦Variant records

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✦Arrays overview

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✦Array type declaration

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✦Indexing

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✦Simpler array declarations

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✦Range attribute

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✦Array constraints

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✦Unconstrained arrays

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✦Constrained arrays

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✦Predefined array type: String

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✦Restrictions

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✦Returning unconstrained arrays

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✦Multidimensional Arrays

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✦Unconstrained Multidimensional Arrays

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✦Arrays of arrays

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✦Derived array types and array subtypes

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✦Derived array types

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✦Array subtypes

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✦Array slices

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✦Ragged arrays

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✦Uniform multidimensional arrays

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✦Non-uniform multidimensional array

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✦Strings overview

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✦Text I/O

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✦Wide String Handling

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✦Bounded wide

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✦Unbounded Wide

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✦Wide-Wide Strings

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✦string operations

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✦Exceptions overview

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✦Exception declaration

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✦Raising an exception

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✦Handling an exception

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✦Predefined exceptions

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✦Generics overview

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✦Formal type declaration

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✦Formal object declaration

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✦Generic body definition

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✦Generic instantiation

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✦Generic packages

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✦Formal subprograms

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✦Example: I/O instances

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✦Example: ADTs

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✦Example: Swap

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✦Example: Reversing

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✦Example: Test application

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✦OOP intro

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✦What is OOP?

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✦OOP concepts

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✦Objects

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✦Defining Types and Objects

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✦Basic type declarations

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✦Shared variable control

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✦Volatile

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✦Independent

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✦Atomic

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✦Declaring and initializing objects

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✦Encapsulation

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✦encapsulation basic example

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✦private types

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✦limited types

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✦Abstract Data Types (ADTs)

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✦ADT operations

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✦Benefits of using ADTs

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✦Child packages & privacy

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✦Inheritance

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✦Derived Types

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✦Tagged Types

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✦Creating new types

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✦Inheriting properties and operations

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✦abstract and overriding keywords

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✦Overriding

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✦polymorphism

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✦Classwide types

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✦Tagged Types for polymorphism

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✦Dispatching operations

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✦Dynamic dispatching

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✦Implementing runtime polymorphism

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✦Abstraction and Interfaces

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✦Defining abstract types

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✦Dot notation

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✦Private & Limited

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✦Classwide access types

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✦Aggregates overview

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✦Container Aggregates

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✦Record aggregates

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✦<>

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✦others

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✦Record discriminants

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✦Full coverage rules for Aggregates

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✦Array aggregates

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✦Positional and named array aggregates

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✦Null array aggregate

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✦|, <>, others

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✦..

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✦Missing components

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✦Iterated component association

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✦Multidimensional array aggregates

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✦<> and default values

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✦Extension Aggregates

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✦Assignments to objects of derived types

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✦Example: Points

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✦Using extension aggregates

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✦More extension aggregates

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✦with others

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✦with null record

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✦Extension aggregates and descendent types

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✦Delta Aggregates

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✦Delta Aggregates for Tagged Records

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✦Delta Aggregates for Non-Tagged Records

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✦Delta Aggregates for Arrays

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✦Subprograms

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✦Parameter Modes and Associations

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✦Formal Parameter Modes

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✦By-copy and by-reference

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✦Bounded errors

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✦Aliased parameters

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✦Parameter Associations

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✦Operators

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✦User-defined operators

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✦Expression functions

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✦Overloading

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✦Operator Overloading

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✦Operator Overriding

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✦Nonreturning procedures

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✦Inline subprograms

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✦Null Procedures

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✦Null procedures and overriding

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✦Exceptions overview

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✦Asserts

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✦Assertion policies

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✦Checks and exceptions

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✦Access Check

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✦Discriminant Check

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✦Division Check

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✦Index Check

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✦Length Check

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✦Overflow Check

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✦Range Check

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✦Tag Check

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✦Accessibility Check

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✦Allocation Check

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✦Elaboration Check

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✦Storage Check

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✦Exception renaming

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✦Out and Uninitialized

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✦Suppressing checks

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✦pragma Suppress

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✦pragma Unsuppress

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✦Modular programming overview

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✦Packages

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✦Package renaming

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✦Grouping packages

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✦Child of renamed package

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✦Backwards-compatibility via renaming

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✦Private packages

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✦Declaration and usage

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✦Private sibling packages

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✦Outside the package tree

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✦Private with clauses

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✦Definition and usage

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✦Referring to private child package

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✦Limited Visibility

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✦Limited visibility and private with clauses

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✦Limited visibility and other elements

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✦Visibility

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✦Automatic visibility

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✦With clauses and visibility

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✦Circular dependency

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✦Use type clause

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✦Another use clause example

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✦Visibility and Readability

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✦use type

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✦use all type

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✦Access Types overview

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✦Access types: Terminology

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✦Access types: Allocation

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✦Discriminants as Access Values

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✦Parameters as Access Values

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✦Dereferencing

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✦Implicit Dereferencing

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✦Aliasing

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✦Accessibility Levels and Rules

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✦Dangling References

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✦Unchecked Access

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✦Null & Not Null Access

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✦Controlled type for access types

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✦Access to subprograms

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✦Access parameters

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✦Limited Types

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✦Assignment and equality

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✦Limited private types

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✦Explicitly limited types

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✦Subtypes of Limited Types

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✦Deriving from limited types

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✦Immutably and Non immutably limited types

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✦Controlled Types

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✦Lifetime of objects

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✦Controlled objects

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✦Limited controlled types

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✦Finalization

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✦Controlled Types and Exception Handling

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✦Tasks overview

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✦Simple task

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✦Simple synchronization

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✦Delay

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✦Synchronization: rendezvous

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✦Select loop

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✦Cycling tasks

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✦Protected objects

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✦Simple object

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✦Entries

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✦Task and protected types

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✦Task types

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✦Protected types